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Monday, 3 May 2010

Tree Dwelling Spider

The Tree-dwelling Funnel-web spider is also a resident of Australia though this spider is most commonly found on the east coast of the continent. Unlike the Redback spider the male Tree-dwelling Funnel-web spider is the killer, with venom five times as deadly as the female of the species. The body of the spider is glossy in nature with a color of either black or brown. The Tree-dwelling Funnel-web spider is extremely aggressive standing up on it hind legs when threatened and exposing their fangs. The venom of this impressive spider is a neurotoxin that cause the nerves to begin to fire rapidly. The bite of this spider can result in the following symptoms: salivation, muscle twitching, sweating, and tearing of the eyes. Many deaths have occurred from the bite of The Tree-dwelling Funnel-web spider before the introduction of an antivenom but even with the antivenom available the bite can be life threatening without immediate medical attention. The most interesting thing about the venom of these spiders is that most animals seem to be immune to their poison but it is extremely toxic to human beings and monkeysThe Tree-dwelling Funnel-web spider is also a resident of Australia though this spider is most commonly found on the east coast of the continent. Unlike the Redback spider the male Tree-dwelling Funnel-web spider is the killer, with venom five times as deadly as the female of the species. The body of the spider is glossy in nature with a color of either black or brown. The Tree-dwelling Funnel-web spider is extremely aggressive standing up on it hind legs when threatened and exposing their fangs. The venom of this impressive spider is a neurotoxin that cause the nerves to begin to fire rapidly. The bite of this spider can result in the following symptoms: salivation, muscle twitching, sweating, and tearing of the eyes. Many deaths have occurred from the bite of The Tree-dwelling Funnel-web spider before the introduction of an antivenom but even with the antivenom available the bite can be life threatening without immediate medical attention. The most interesting thing about the venom of these spiders is that most animals seem to be immune to their poison but it is extremely toxic to human beings and monkeys

Brazilian Wandering Spider


The Brazilian Wandering Spider, also known as the “ Banana Spider”, can be found in the jungles of South America. It does not have a web like standard spiders and can be found wondering on the jungle floor, hence its name. Though the jungle is this spiders natural habitat it is also commonly found in peoples homes. This spider is a very aggressive spider and tends to be nervous. This spider is commonly found hidden in the vegetation of banana trees and has been found stowed away in banana crates. This spider is known to be the most deadly spider in the Americas. The venom of this spider can be fatal to a mouse in a dose as small as 0.006mg! The Brazilian Wandering Spiders venom is also a neurotoxin and is very painful due to it release of serotonin. An interesting side effect of this spiders bite is that it is known to cause priapism, an erection that can last longer than four hours. Now this is one hardcore spider

Red Bold Spider

This species found all over the continent is Australia’s most famous deadly spider. The red striped spider has a neurotic venom that induces severe pain, however, deaths are rare. Thousands of people are bitten but only approximately 20% of the victims require treatment. Generally, the children and the elderly are the most exposed to the spider’s threat. This is one of the few spider species that displays sexual cannibalism while mating.

Brown Recluse Spider

The Brown Recluse Spider, although nowhere near as deadly as the other spiders on this page, also deserves respect. The Brown Recluse spider is a small brown spider with a backwards violin shaped mark on the back of his head. This mark also led the spider to be known as the “ fiddle-back spider”. This spiders venom causes ulceration. The Brown Recluse’s bite does not tend to be painful at the time of the bite and some people will not even know they have been bitten. In the first few hours the bite will only appear small and red like a standard bug bite but within 24 hours will begin to swell and blister. If bitten in fatty tissue a deep lesion will occur that may not heal for several years! These bites without proper care have been known to lead to amputation of affected limbs. It is very likely that many people died of infection from the spider bites before the introduction of modern medical care. Below is a photo a Brown Recluse bite.

Sunday, 2 May 2010

Marbled Cone Snail

Conus marmoreus, common name the "marbled cone", is a species of predatory sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails, cone shells or cones. This is an Indo-Pacific species.This snail is venomous, like all cone snails. It possesses the most toxic venom of all snail species. It is also among the 5 most venomous animals in the world, all of which may be found in Australia.

Stone Fish

Synanceia is a genus of fish of the family Synanceiidae, the Stonefishes, whose members are venomous, dangerous, and even fatal to humans. It is the most venomous fish in the world. They are found in the coastal regions of Indo-Pacific oceans. They are primarily marine, though some species are known to live in rivers. Its species have potent neurotoxins secreted from glands at the base of their needle-like dorsal fin spines which stick up when disturbed or threatened.The vernacular name of the species, the stonefish, derives from being able to camouflage and transform itself to a gray and mottled color similar to the color of a stone. Divers have sometimes stepped on them, thinking they are stones. The type species of the genus is Synanceia verrucosa, and it includes the species Synanceia horrida that Linnaeus described as Scorpaena. 

Blue Ringed Octopus

The blue-ringed octopuses  are three octopus species that live in tide pools in the Pacific Ocean, from Japan to Australia. Despite their small size and relatively docile nature, they are currently recognized as one of the world's most venomous animals. They can be recognized by their characteristic blue and black rings and yellowish skin. They hunt small crabs, hermit crabs, and shrimp,and may bite attackers, including humans, if provoked.The blue-ringed octopus is 12 to 20 cm, but its venom is powerful enough to kill humans. There is no blue-ringed octopus antivenom available.The octopus produces venom that contains tetrodotoxin, 5-hydroxytryptamine, hyaluronidase, tyramine, histamine, tryptamine, octopamine, taurine, acetylcholine, and dopamine. The major neurotoxin component of blue-ringed octopus venom was originally known as maculotoxin but was later found to be identical to tetrodotoxin, a neurotoxin which is also found in pufferfish and cone snails. Tetrodotoxin blocks sodium channels, causing motor paralysis and respiratory arrest within minutes of exposure, leading to cardiac arrest due to a lack of oxygen. The toxin is created by bacteria in the salivary glands of the octopus.

Puffer Fish

Tetraodontidae is a family of primarily marine and estuarine fish of the Tetraodontiformes order. The family includes many familiar species which are variously called pufferfish, balloonfish, blowfish, bubblefish, globefish, swellfish, toadfish, toadies, honey toads, and sea squab. They are morphologically similar to the closely related porcupinefish, which have large conspicuous spines.Puffer poisoning usually results from consumption of incorrectly prepared puffer soup, fugu chiri or occasionally from raw puffer meat, sashimi fugu. While chiri is much more likely to cause death, sashimi fugu often causes intoxication, light-headedness, and numbness of the lips, and is often eaten for this reason. Puffer's poisoning deadens the tongue and lips, and induces dizziness and vomiting, followed by numbness and prickling over the body, rapid heart rate, decreased blood pressure, and muscle paralysis. The toxin paralyzes diaphragm muscles and stops breathing. Patients who live longer than 24 hours typically survive, although possibly after a coma lasting several days. Some patients claim to have remained fully conscious throughout the coma, and can often recount events that occurred while they were supposedly unconscious. In Voodoo, puffer's poison must be ingested by the victim for the black magic of creating "zombies," most likely because of the pseudocomatose effect

Grizzly Bear

The grizzly bear (Ursus arctos horribilis), also known as the silvertip bear, is a subspecies of brown bear  that generally lives in the uplands of western North America. This subspecies is thought to descend from Ussuri brown bears which crossed to Alaska from Eastern Russia 100,000 years ago, though they did not move south until 13,000 years ago.Grizzlies are considered by some experts to be the most aggressive bears even by the standards of brown bears. Aggressive behavior in grizzly bears is favored by numerous selection variables. Unlike the smaller black bears, adult grizzlies are too large to escape danger by climbing trees, so they respond to danger by standing their ground and warding off their attackers. Increased aggressiveness also assists female grizzlies in better ensuring the survival of their young to reproductive age. Mothers defending cubs are the most prone to attacking, being responsible for 70% of fatal injuries to humans. Historically, bears have competed with other large predators for food, which also favors increased aggression.Campers are warned to hang food, garbage, and toiletries out of reach of bears, or to use a secure bear cache.Grizzly bears normally avoid contact with people. In spite of their obvious physical advantages and many opportunities, they almost never view humans as prey; bears rarely actively hunt humans. Most grizzly bear attacks result from a bear that has been surprised at very close range, especially if it has a supply of food to protect, or female grizzlies protecting their offspring. In such situations, property may be damaged and the bear may physically harm the person.

Crocodile

A crocodile is any species belonging to the family Crocodylidae . The term can also be used more loosely to include all members of the order Crocodilia: i.e. the true crocodiles, the alligators and caimans and the gharials , or even the Crocodylomorpha which includes prehistoric crocodile relatives and ancestors.Crocodiles are ambush hunters, waiting for fish or land animals to come close, then rushing out to attack. As cold-blooded predators, they have a very slow metabolism, and thus can survive long periods without food. Despite their appearance of being slow, crocodiles are top predators in their environment, and various species have been observed attacking and killing sharks.A famous exception is the Egyptian Plover which is said to enjoy a symbiotic relationship with the crocodile. According to unauthenticated reports, the plover feeds on parasites that infest the crocodile's mouth and the reptile will open its jaws and allow the bird to enter to clean out the mouth.